The physical loss of glass or another surface layer during abrasion, grinding, polishing, chemical action, or a combined process.

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Meaning and boundaries
Visible improvement does not prove how much material was removed, whether removal was uniform, or whether subsurface cracking remains.
Why it matters in glass restoration
Every abrasive stage should be treated as irreversible and linked to a defined purpose and stop condition.
Related terms
References
- NASA — Handbook for Recommended Material Removal Processes for Advanced Ceramic Test Specimens and Components
Publisher’s original source - National Bureau of Standards / NIST — The Science of Ceramic Machining and Surface Finishing II
Publisher’s original source - National Institute of Standards and Technology — Fractography of Ceramics and Glasses, 3rd edition
Publisher’s original source - SPIE / Optical Engineering — Material removal mechanism of ceria particles with different sizes in glass polishing
Publisher’s original source